大學之道
TheWayofGreatLearning
這學說，是最基本之理想，也是儒教所依據之道理。
ThesearethefundamentalideasofConfucius'teaching,
andalsotheprinciplesuponwhichConfucianismisbased.
大學之道以「三綱領」和「八條目」為宗旨。何謂三綱領?就是「明德，親民，止於至善。」
TheWayoftheGreatLearningconsistsofthreeguidelinesandeightarticles.Thethreeguidelinesare:illustratingvirtue,renewingthepeople,andrestinginthehighestexcellence.
(一)明德：自己的德性清淨光明之後，也教他人的德性清淨光明
1.Illustratingvirtuemeansthatafterone'sownvirtuebecomepureandbright,oneteachesotherstomaketheirvirtuepureandbrightaswell.
(二)親民：令所有老百姓知道正當的道路，做個明理的人。
2.Renewingthepeoplemeanscausingallthepeopletoknowtheproperpathandtounderstandprinciple.
(三)止於至善：大家居處於最完善的地方。
3.Restinginthehighestexcellencemeansthatallpeopleabideinthemostexcellentplace.
何謂八條目?就是「格物，致知，正心，誠意，修身，齊家，治國，平天下。」
Whataretheeightarticles?Theyareinvestigatingthings,extendingknowledge,rectifyingthemind,makingtheintentsincere,cultivatingoneself,regulatingthefamily,managingthestate,andbringingpeacetotheworld.
(一)格物：研究天地間萬事萬物之性理。
1.Investigatingthingsmeansinvestigatingthenaturesandprinciplesofthemyriadthingsoftheuniverse.
(二)致知：運用智慧，仔細分析物理，知道究竟2.Extendingknowledgemeansusingone'swisdomtoanalyzeindetailtheprinciplesofallphenomena,sothatultimateknowledgecanbeattained.
(三)正心：端正一身所主宰的心。3.Rectifyingthemindmeansmakingone'smind,whichisthemasterofthebody,properandupright.
(四)誠意：誠實所發之意。4.Makingtheintentsinceremeansbeingsincereinone'sthinking.
(五)修身：修好自己的身(德行)。5.Cultivatingoneselfmeanscultivatingone'sownvirtuousconduct.
這五種是屬於身心之學。
Thesefivearticlespertaintothestudyofbodyandmind.
(六)齊家：整齊自己的家。
6.Regulatingthefamilymeansmanagingone'sownfamily.
(七)治國：治理自己的國家。
7.Managingthestatemeansgoverningone'scountrywell.
(八)平天下：令天下太平。8.Bringingpeacetotheworldmeanscausingtranquilitytoprevailthroughouttheentireworld.
這三種是屬於政治之學。
Theselastthreearticlespertaintothestudyofpolitics.
這是孔子之學說，是最基本之理想，也是儒教所依據之道理。今將《大學》中的三綱領和八條目略釋，將來再評細的解釋。
ThesearethefundamentalideasofConfucius'teaching,andalsotheprinciplesuponwhichConfucianismisbased.TodayIhavebrieflyexplainedthethreeguidelinesandtheeightarticles.Amoredetailedexplanationmaybegiveninthefuture.